Abstract: Pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (PCME), also known as Irvine-Gass syndrome, is the most common cause of unexpected visual loss after cataract surgery. Diabetes mellitus, epiretinal membrane, prostaglandin analogues are its risk factors. It’s widely accepted that inflammation is the leading pathological mechanism, some cytokines and immune-relatedfactors may contribute to the pathological process. As for the prophylactic and treatment, besides the conventional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and steroid, new researches indicate that intraoperative intracameral phenylephrine-ketorolac, subtenon/subconjunctival steroid, dexamethasone implant or triamcinolone acetonide, postoperative intracanalicular corticosteroids, yellow subthreshold micropulse laser achieve promising outcome.

Key words: cataract, macular edema, Irvine-Gass syndrome